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Host-versus-commensal immune responses participate in the rejection of colonized solid organ transplants

Recorded live on Thursday, January 19th, 2023, from 2:00 PM ET to 3:00 PM ET • Hosted by AST's Community of Transplant Scientists (COTS)

"Host-versus-commensal immune responses participate in the rejection of colonized solid organ transplants"
(J Clin Invest. 2022 Sep 1;132(17):e153403. doi: 10.1172/JCI153403.)

In this article:
Although transplant recipients take life-long immunosuppressive drugs, a substantial percentage of them still reject their allografts. Strikingly, barrier organs colonized with microbiota have significantly shorter half-lives than non-barrier transplanted organs, even in immunosuppressed hosts. [The authors] previously demonstrated that skin allografts monocolonized with the common human commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis (S.epi) are rejected faster than germ-free (GF) allografts in mice because the presence of S.epi augments the effector alloimmune response locally in the graft. Here, [the authors] tested whether host immune responses against graft-resident commensal microbes, including S.epi, can damage colonized grafts independently from the alloresponse... The dual effects of host-versus-commensal and host-versus-allograft responses may partially explain why colonized organs have poorer outcomes than sterile organs in the clinic.

Speaker:
- Isabella Pirozzolo • Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY

Discussant:
- Maria-Luisa Alegre, MD, PhD • University of Chicago, Chicago, IL

Moderator:
- Andrew Wells, PhD • University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA

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